Global VAT & Indirect Tax News

Uzbekistan has launched a VAT refund system for foreign tourists effective 1 April 2026, allowing visitors to reclaim 85 % of VAT on purchases of at least 300,000 soums. The scheme will initially operate at all international airports and is planned to extend to railway stations and border checkpoints. The move accompanies a broader privatisation drive aimed at reducing state ownership to 15 %.

Spain has introduced mandatory B2B e‑invoicing under Royal Decree 238/2026, effective from 31 March 2026 but operationally deferred until the public e‑invoicing platform regulation takes effect. The decree sets phased implementation: large businesses with turnover over €8 million must comply within 12 months, while all other businesses follow within 24 months. It also imposes strict invoice status reporting within four calendar days and allows four electronic formats.

Slovakia will enforce mandatory B2B e-invoicing via the Peppol network from 1 January 2027 under Law 385/2025 Z.z., following a voluntary testing period in 2026. All e-invoices must use the EN 16931 XML standard (UBL 2.1 or CII), be issued within 15 days, and reported within 5 days, with penalties up to €10,000 per infraction and €100,000 for repeated violations.

Spain has temporarily lowered fuel VAT from 21% to 10% under Real Decreto-ley 7/2026, a measure set to expire on 30 June 2026. The EU Commission warned that the cut breaches EU rules, but no formal infringement has been initiated. The temporary relief is expected to cost Spain about €507 million in revenue loss.

Legal Notice 86 of 2026 introduces a targeted amendment to Malta’s VAT Act, narrowing the gambling exemption to only low‑risk games, occasional junket events, and on‑site betting facilities from 1 October 2026. Exempt supplies will no longer allow input VAT recovery, and all other gambling activities—including remote or online gaming—will become taxable under the place‑of‑supply rules. MTCA Guidelines issued in April 2026 provide implementation guidance.

Spain has temporarily lowered fuel VAT from 21% to 10% as part of a €5 billion emergency package, a move that the European Commission says violates the EU VAT Directive. The reduction is set to expire at the end of June 2026, after which the standard 21% rate will resume unless Madrid extends the measure. Brussels has issued a formal warning and warned of potential infringement proceedings if the policy persists.

On March 31 2026 the Ecuadorian SRI issued a resolution that changes how dematerialized tax credit notes are handled. The new rules allow taxpayers to use up to 60 % of the amount payable on a tax return from credit‑note balances, except for Foreign Currency Outflow Tax (ISD) credits, and they remove the possibility of using credit notes to settle customs duties. Credit‑note balances will now appear in the securities account statement on the SRI portal.

Malta's tax authority has issued new VAT guidelines for gambling and betting, effective 1 October 2026. The guidelines narrow the VAT exemption to low‑risk games, occasional junket events, and in‑venue sports betting, while treating most operators—including sports betting, live casino, and B2B providers—as taxable. Operators must review pricing, accounting, and billing systems to comply with the new regime.

Germany’s Federal Ministry of Finance updated its e-invoicing FAQs in March 2026, tightening the definition of a compliant E‑Rechnung. The guidance requires that 100 % of mandatory VAT data be embedded in structured XML, mandates embedding of supporting documents, and confirms that monthly summary invoices remain valid if the supply period is clearly defined. These clarifications signal enforcement intent ahead of the 2027 B2B e‑invoicing mandate and the 2030 EU Digital Reporting Requirements.

Philippine lawmakers have introduced House Bill No. 8827 to cap the value‑added tax on petroleum products during a national energy emergency. The bill would limit the VAT base to the Pre‑Emergency Reference Price, excluding any incremental emergency increase, and amend Sections 106(A) and 107(A) of the National Internal Revenue Code.

Romania’s new e-VAT pre-filled return system requires taxpayers to approve a monthly list of VAT transactions derived from e-invoicing and SAF‑T and reconcile it with their regular VAT return. The penalty‑free soft launch ran from August 2024 to 1 January 2025, giving 20 days to explain discrepancies, and new measures under GEO No. 13/2026 will suspend ANAF’s risk‑classification communication until 31 December 2026.

Spain’s Royal Decree‑Law 7/2026 introduces a temporary 10% reduced VAT rate on selected energy supplies, effective from 22 March 2026 until 30 June 2026, subject to a CPI threshold. The measure covers electricity (for small‑scale and vulnerable consumers), natural gas, biomass briquettes, firewood, and certain fuels and biofuels, and applies to supplies, imports and intra‑Community acquisitions.

Spain's Royal Decree 238/2026 introduces mandatory B2B e‑invoicing, with implementation timelines of 12 months for firms over €8 million and 24 months for others, pending a ministerial order on technical specifications. The decree expands the scope to non‑resident suppliers, raising compatibility concerns with the EU VAT Directive. The new system will overlay Spain's existing real‑time reporting and VeriFactu regimes, potentially conflicting with the forthcoming EU ViDA Directive.

Germany has launched the German Electronic Business Address (GEBA) standard, allowing every business to use a government‑assigned electronic address for Peppol. The GEBA specification, based on the automatically assigned W‑IdNr, is globally interoperable and supports optional sub‑addressing for large enterprises. The rollout is part of Germany’s e‑invoicing roadmap and aligns with upcoming EU e‑invoicing standards.

Belgium has increased the annual turnover threshold for its domestic VAT exemption regime from €25,000 to €30,000, pending parliamentary approval. Businesses below the new €30,000 limit may still register voluntarily, while those exceeding it must register and comply with VAT obligations. The exemption still prevents input VAT recovery and removes periodic return filing.

The EU has proposed a law allowing governments to temporarily reduce VAT rates to counteract price rises, particularly in fuel, and protect citizens’ standard of living. The proposal is aimed at mitigating inflationary pressures in Montenegro and has broad political support. It follows examples such as Spain’s reduction of fuel VAT from 21% to 10%.

Russia is proposing to exempt crypto exchanges and custodial services from VAT, with the bill expected to be adopted by July 1 2026. The exemption covers digital rights confirming exclusively monetary claims but does not apply to profits, which will still be taxed under standard rules. Ordinary users will face a purchase limit of $3,700 per year and can only buy the largest coins listed by the Central Bank.

Russia is drafting a law that will exempt cryptocurrency exchange and custody services from VAT, while subjecting their profits to standard corporate tax. The bill also introduces new personal tax rules for crypto traders, limits retail purchases to $3,700 per year, and requires Russian residents to report foreign‑based crypto wallets to the Federal Tax Service.

The EU Parliament has reopened debate on the optional reverse charge mechanism, which is set to expire on 31 December 2026. While the tool has proven effective in curbing missing trader intra‑community fraud in high‑risk sectors, concerns remain about VAT distortions and the need for complementary digital reporting controls. The review signals that reverse charge will stay part of the anti‑fraud toolkit but will be increasingly paired with real‑time transaction monitoring under the ViDA framework.

The article analyzes the CJEU ruling in Titanium Ltd v. Finanzamt Österreich (C-931/19) and its implications for fixed establishment and reverse charge in cross‑border B2B services. It clarifies that a fixed establishment requires permanent human and technical resources, and that the reverse charge applies when such an establishment exists. It also notes that Article 47 lex specialis applies to services linked to immovable property, making VAT payable in the Member State where the property is located regardless of a fixed establishment.