Global VAT & Indirect Tax News

The Court of Appeal has ruled in favour of Colchester Institute in a VAT dispute with HMRC, allowing the college to reclaim VAT on pre‑2010 capital projects. The decision could extend to an estimated 20‑30 other colleges and raises uncertainty for charities that may lose VAT discounts. The ruling centres on the Lennartz mechanism, which HMRC had withdrawn in 2010.

AI sales tax blog post discusses how U.S. states are treating SaaS and AI chatbot services under existing sales tax frameworks. It highlights recent rulings in Kentucky, Indiana, Maine, and New York, noting that some states tax SaaS as a service while others exempt it. The article also explores potential future tax implications for AI‑powered physical products and advises businesses to monitor state developments closely.

Malta’s Value Added Tax Act will be amended by amendment 86 of 2026, taking effect on 1 October 2026, to narrow the VAT exemption for gambling and betting services. The changes are expected to improve VAT recovery for B2C operators and certain B2B providers, with detailed guidelines to follow.

Spain has approved a draft bill that will extend mandatory e‑invoicing from the B2G sector to B2B transactions. The new law requires companies to use certified invoicing software from 1 January 2024 and sets a phased implementation schedule based on turnover thresholds. Non‑compliance can lead to fines up to €10,000.

The European Commission will host a public workshop on 27 April 2026 to review the revision of Directive 2014/55/EU on e‑invoicing in public procurement. The event will outline potential policy measures, gather stakeholder feedback, and discuss the three policy options for the revision. The outcome will influence upcoming compliance requirements, including the ViDA reform that will mandate structured e‑invoicing for intra‑EU B2B transactions by July 2030.

The article examines how fully automated, AI‑run companies—termed zero‑person companies—challenge existing VAT rules. It explains that while such entities can perform all operational tasks, they still require a human link for legal accountability, and their place of establishment for VAT purposes is determined by where central administration effectively occurs, often defaulting to the registered office. The piece also discusses the low likelihood of fixed establishments arising solely from cloud infrastructure and outlines compliance implications for tax authorities.

Poland’s National e‑Invoicing System (KSeF) entered its second phase on April 1 2026, expanding the mandatory e‑invoicing requirement to almost all VAT‑registered businesses. The Ministry of Finance confirmed no sanctions for 2026 errors and reported over 87 million invoices processed in the first two months. The platform operates on Polish servers with proprietary encryption and a 24:1 capacity ratio.

The article explains that real‑time tax compliance involves continuous exchange and validation of transaction data with tax authorities, embedding tax processes into operational workflows. It identifies three main barriers—fragmented system landscapes, data that is not real‑time ready, and legacy operating models—and argues that local, country‑by‑country solutions will not scale. The author advocates for a unified data platform and a shift to viewing tax as part of digital infrastructure.

New Zealand’s Goods and Services Tax (GST) is highlighted as a model consumption tax, featuring a single 15% rate, minimal exemptions, and a broad base that yields a stable revenue stream. The system’s simplicity reduces compliance burdens and has been praised for its efficiency and neutrality. Key innovations include zero‑rating business‑to‑business financial services and excluding most crypto assets from GST.

Germany's e‑invoicing mandate requires all businesses to be able to receive electronic invoices from 1 January 2025, with issuance obligations kicking in 2027 for firms with prior‑year turnover above €800,000 and 2028 for all others. The guidance clarifies that only structured EN 16931 formats (XRechnung or ZUGFeRD) qualify as e‑invoices, and that receipt obligations are voluntary in 2026. It also outlines compliance requirements such as GoBD‑compliant archiving and retention periods.

Ireland is rolling out a domestic eInvoicing regime, beginning with large corporates in November 2028 and expanding to all VAT‑registered businesses by July 2030. The initiative aligns with the EU’s ViDA framework and uses the EN 16931 standard for structured invoices, aiming to improve real‑time reporting and fraud prevention.

The Philippine government has issued a VAT regulation exempting indigenous natural gas and related power generation activities. The exemption applies to indigenous natural gas, aggregated gas attributable to it, electricity generated from it, and ancillary services, subject to endorsement from the Department of Energy and certification of usage. The measure takes effect 15 days after publication, with specific limitations and permit requirements.

Zambia has introduced a temporary 0% VAT rate on petrol and diesel imports to curb rising fuel costs and stabilize inflation. The zero‑rating will apply from April to June 2026, allowing suppliers to recover input VAT while reducing end‑user prices. The measure is set to be reviewed after the three‑month period.

Spain's Tax Agency has enacted Royal Decree 238/2026, mandating electronic invoicing for businesses and professionals. The decree takes effect 20 April 2026, with high‑volume firms (VAT turnover > €8 million) required to comply 12 months after the ministerial order, and others 24 months later. A free application will be provided, and the public e‑invoicing platform must be available at least two months before the first effective application.

The article explains how Brazil’s new nationwide consumption tax, the IBS, replaces state and municipal taxes, marking a significant shift in governance and operational logic. It highlights the implications for municipalities and the broader tax system, underscoring the paradigm shift in Brazil’s indirect tax regime.

Poland announced a fuel price cap and a sharp VAT cut on fuels to ease inflation amid rising global oil prices. Starting 31 March 2026, 95‑octane petrol will be capped at 6.16 PLN per liter, diesel at 7.60 PLN, and 98 petrol at 6.76 PLN, while the VAT rate on fuels drops from 23% to 8%. Retailers exceeding the cap face fines up to 1 million PLN, and the measures are estimated to cost the government 1.6 billion PLN per month.

Vito Tanzi, former IMF Fiscal Affairs Director, has urged India to replace its multi‑rate GST slabs with a single uniform rate for all domestic consumption and to redistribute the entire revenue equally to every citizen via per‑capita digital transfers linked to Aadhaar accounts. The proposal was presented at an international conference on the socio‑economic impacts of GST organised by the Centre for Development Studies.

Ukraine’s Cabinet approved a package of tax bills that introduce a 5% personal income tax for digital‑platform users, VAT on international shipments over €150, and extend the military tax for three years after martial law ends. The measures also implement DAC7 information exchange and aim to align Ukrainian law with EU and OECD norms.

The EU VAT reforms tracker outlines a comprehensive schedule of upcoming legislative and compliance changes across the EU, including new VAT registration thresholds, e-invoicing requirements, import VAT liabilities, and the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism. Key dates range from 2025 to 2035, covering digital services, e-commerce, and cross‑border trade. The tracker serves as a reference for businesses to anticipate and adapt to evolving EU VAT rules.

The blog explains that ISO 27001 certification is becoming a mandatory requirement for e‑invoicing platforms in several jurisdictions, notably France, the Netherlands, Australia, and New Zealand. It outlines the key dates, such as France’s September 2026 deadline and the October 2025 completion of the ISO 27001:2022 transition, and details the certification’s three‑year validity and surveillance audit schedule.