The Manila Times opinion piece explains how the Supreme Court’s February 4 2025 ruling in the Subic Bay Freeport case clarified that domestic market enterprises (DMEs) are entitled to VAT zero‑rating under the Create Act, overturning earlier BIR issuances that excluded them. It also outlines the conditions under which DMEs can still claim the benefit under the newer Create More law, namely high‑value DMEs with significant investment capital or export sales, and stresses that purchases must be directly attributable to the registered project. The article advises businesses in freeports and ecozones to update their ERP systems, document eligibility, and align procurement processes to avoid disputes.

North Macedonia has introduced several VAT and e‑invoicing updates in late 2025 and early 2026. The VAT exemption for small‑value shipments is now limited to non‑commercial items, the 5% preferential rate for residential buildings is extended to 2028, and a pilot e‑invoice system (e‑Faktura) began on 5 January 2026. A new Top‑up Tax Rulebook was also published, aligning with OECD standards.

Turkey’s Parliament extended the VAT‑free period for inward processing regime (IPR) purchases from 31 December 2025 to 31 December 2030. The change aims to prevent exporters and manufacturer‑exporters from having to pay VAT upfront on domestic raw materials, thereby protecting cash flow and competitiveness.

On 14 January 2026 the Italian Revenue Agency issued Letter No. 4/2026 clarifying that an artistic foundry’s activity is a provision of services, not artwork sales. Consequently the 5 % reduced VAT rate does not apply because the foundry is not the author or rights holder of the artworks it produces. The foundry must therefore charge the standard VAT rate on its services.

This briefing examines how EU legislation shapes Member States’ ability to set VAT rates, highlighting the legal uncertainty and administrative complexity arising from multiple preferential rates. It calls for regular reviews to assess the necessity and effectiveness of these rates amid high budget deficits and competing spending priorities.

Slovakia will implement several VAT and tax changes from 1 January 2026, including removing the reduced 19% rate for processed foods high in salt or sugar, expanding the 5% reduced rate to certain printed media, exempting individuals from the financial transaction tax, and introducing a 0.0125% monthly special levy on pension and collective investment companies.